Shears



Aug- 5, 1941- C. J. DALLEY 2,251,548

SHEARS Filed DeC. 5, 1939 INVENTOR. lllllw J' galley,

Patented Aug. 5, 1941 s" PATENT OFFICE SHEARS vCharles, J. Dalley, Maplewood, N. J.

Application December 5, 1939, Serial No. 307,591

The invention here disclosed relatesto shears, particularly those of the heaviery types, such as pinking shears and the like, and is a partial division and Vcontinuation of patent application Ser'. No. 253,074 led January 27, 1939, now Patent Number 2,204,071 June 11, 1940.

The objects of the invention are to provide a pivot construction for the blades, which will accurately center and maintain the blades in proper centered relation and which will enable the blades to stand hard service without getting out of line.

The objects mentioned and other desirable objects are attained by Ynovel features of construction, combination and relation of parts as hereinafter defined and broadly covered in the claims.

The drawing accompanying and forming part of the following specication illustrates a number of different embodiments of the invention and it is to be understood that structure may be further modified all Within the true intent and broad scope of the invention as dei-ined in the claims.

Fig. 1 is a broken elevation of shears having the pivot construction of the present invention incorporated therein.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view as on substantially the plane of line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view as on line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a broken sectional detail illustrating the structure modified by incorporation of a spring Washer between the spacing washers.

Fig. 5 is a detail of the spring washer.

Fig. 6 is a broken side view illustrating primarily another form of interposed spring Washer.

In the several views, the companion blades of the shears are designated I and 8. These have hub portions 9 and I0, connected by an elongated nut I I, and cooperating screw I2.

The nut element I I, is shown in Fig. 2 as formed with a cylindrical head I'3, having a conical inner face I4, rotatively received in a correa. spondingly cylindrical and conical seat I5, in hub 9, and a flat sided inner end portion I6, slidingly and non-rotatively held in correspondingly shaped opening I'I, in hub I0.

The screw element I2, is shown as having a generally cylindrical or somewhat concaved circular shoulder I8, in back of the head portion of the saine surrounded and gripped by the coil I9,

of a spring wire clip which has its end 20, en-

tered and held in an opening 2I, provided in the surrounding annular wall portion 22 of hub I0. The head portion of Ithe nut, like the head of the screw is shown as surrounded by an annular flange 23, which in this case is on the hub 9.

lThe nut and bolt construction described hold the blades together in pivotal relation, adjustable for the desired tension, after the manner covered in' D-alley Reissue patent application Ser. No.

304,370 iiled'Novernber 14, 1939 and patent applisome instances are qLL'te heavy, at all times, in

smooth, firm, free acting, accurate pivotal relation, the special hinge structure shown in Fig. 2, is employed, embodying a relatively wide bearing ring 24, having its opposite edges entered in annular bearing grooves 25, 26, formed in the opposing hubs of the blades.

Opposing anti-friction spacing washers 21, 28, as of steel and bronze respectively, are shown interposed betweenlthe opposing faces of the hubs. These 'spacing washers are rotatably and slidably engaged on the annular bearing ring 24, so that they may slip and slide to suit the movements of the blades and possible take-up adjustments of the screw connection.

In some instances, it may be found desirable to interpose a spring cushioning and spacing Washer between the spacing washers 21, 28. Such possibility is illustrated in Fig. 4, where 29 designates a spring washer interposed between such spacing washers.

Fig. 5 illustrates the intermediate spring washer constructed as by slitting the edges of the washer structure at 30 and bending up the split portions as spring tongues 3l.

Fig. 6 illustrates a modication in which the interposed washer 32 is given its springy character by imparting a wavy or corrugated formation thereto.

The annular ring 24 provides a relatively wide large diameter bearing for the blades capable of maintaining the blades in proper alignment and registry and therefore particularly desirable for heavy shears and shears such as pinking shears in which the work tends to impose a binding strain on the blades. The annular form of the bearings 25, 26, causes the blades to ride the inside as well as the outside of the bearing ring, thus distributing the load and the wear and overcoming blade twisting and binding tendencies. The open center of the bearing ring provides plenty of space for a nut and bolt center connection of ample dimensions for heavy blade pinking shears and the like.

What is claimed is:

1. Shears comprising cooperating blades having opposed hub portions, an annular bearing element interposed between said hub portions.

said hub portions journalling on said annular element, annular abutment washers of anti-friction material about said annular bearing element and forming a limiting anti-friction abutment between the hub portions of the blades, a nut member having a rotatable bearing in the hub portion of one blade and having a nonrotatable engagement in the hub portion of the opposing blade, a screw extending through said opposing blade into adjustable engagement with said nut, said screw having a head at the outer end of the same and a generally cylindrical concavely contoured shoulder in back of said head and a lock wire having one end anchored to said hub portion and its opposite end formed as a spring loop surrounding and yieldingly gripping said concavely faced shouldered portion of said screw.

2. Shears comprising cooperating blades having opposed hub portions with directly opposite annular seats therein, an annular bearing ring interposed between and having its opposite edges entered in said annular seats, nut and bolt elements connecting said hub portions and extending through the open center of said annular bearing, said nut element extending through both hub portions and through the open center of the annular bearing ring and having an enlarged cylindrical bearing portion at the outer end rotatively engaged with the hub portion of the blade at that side of the shears and said nut having its opposite inner end slidingly and non-rotatively engaged in the hub portion of the blade at the opposite side of the shears, said bolt element extending into said slidingly held inner end of the nut element and having a head confining the adjoining hub portion, said bolt element having a substantially cylindrical portion at the inner side of the head and a lock wire having one end anchored to said last mentioned hub portion and having its opposite end formed as a spring loop surrounding and yieldingly gripping said substantially cylindrical portion of said bolt element.

3. Shear comprising cooperating blades having opposed hub portions with directly opposite annular seats therein, an annular bearing ring interposed between and having its opposite edges entered in said annular seats, nut and bolt elements connecting said hub portions and extending through the open center of said annular bearing, said nut element having a rotative engagement in one hub portion and a sliding non-rotative engagement in the other hub portion and means for adjustably and yieldingly retaining said bolt element in non-rotative relation with said same hub portion and including a lock wire anchored at one end to said hub portion and having a spring loop surrounding and yieldingly gripping said bolt element.

4. Shears comprising cooperating blades having opposed hub portions with directly opposite annular seats therein, an annular bearing ring interposed between and having its opposite edges entered in said annular seats and nut and bolt elements connecting said hub portions and extending through the open center of said annular bearing, one of said elements having a generally cylindrical portion, a spring loop in gripping engagement about said generally cylindrical portion, a surrounding annular wall about said spring loop, said surrounding wall having a pas-I sage therethrough and said spring loop having an end entered in said passage.

CHARLES J. DALLEY. 

